09-12-2010, 08:01 AM
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Episode 11 Yorkshire
YorkshireAs a True and Loyal red blooded Lancastrian I should not even look at Yorkshire let alone talk about it this way but here goes.
As it is split into four areas it is not possible to write here about all the areas so I have counted Yorkshire as one Area.
Yorkshire is a historic county of northern England and the largest in the United Kingdom.
Early inhabitants of Yorkshire were Celts, who formed two separate tribes, the Brigantes and the Parisii.
The Brigantes controlled territory which would later become all of the North Riding of Yorkshire and the West Riding of Yorkshire.
The tribe controlled most of Northern England and more territory than any other Celtic tribe in England. That they had the Yorkshire area as their heartland is evident in that Isurium Brigantum (now known as Aldborough) was the capital town of their civitas under Roman rule.
The Parisii who controlled the area that would become the East Riding of Yorkshire, may have been related to the Parisii of Lutetia Parisiorum, Gaul (known today as Paris, France).
Their capital was at Petuaria close to the Humber estuary.
The Roman conquest of Britain began in 43 AD, however the Brigantes remained in control of their kingdom as a client state of Rome for an extended period, reigned over by the Brigantian monarchs Cartimandua and her husband Venutius. Initially, this situation suited both the Romans and the Brigantes who were known as the most militant tribe in Britain.
An army of Danish Vikings, the Great Heathen Army[26] as its enemies often referred to it, invaded Northumbrian territory in 866 AD. The Danes conquered and assumed what is now modern day York and renamed it Jórvík, making it the capital city of a new Danish kingdom under the same name.
In the weeks immediately leading up to the Battle of Hastings in 1066 AD, Harold II of England was distracted by events in Yorkshire. His brother Tostig and Harold Hardrada, King of Norway, attempted a takeover in the north, having won the Battle of Fulford. The King of England marched North where the two armies met at the Battle of Stamford Bridge. Tostig and Hardrada were both killed and their army was defeated decisively. However, Harold Godwinson was forced immediately to march his army back down to the South where William the Conqueror was landing. The King was defeated at Hastings, which led to the Norman conquest of England.
When King Richard II was overthrown in 1399, antagonism between the House of York and the House of Lancaster, both branches of the royal House of Plantagenet, began to emerge. Eventually the two houses fought for the throne of England in a series of civil wars, commonly known as the Wars of the Roses. Some of the battles took place in Yorkshire, such as those at Wakefield and Towton, the latter of which is known as the bloodiest battle ever fought on English soil
Richard III was the last Yorkist king.
Henry Tudor of the House of Lancaster, defeated and killed Richard at the Battle of Bosworth Field.
He then became King Henry VII and married Elizabeth of York daughter of Yorkist Edward IV, ending the wars. The two roses of white and red, emblems of the Houses of York and Lancaster respectively, were combined to form the Tudor Rose of England
The 19th century saw Yorkshire's continued growth, with the population growing and the Industrial Revolution continuing with prominent industries in coal, textile and steel (especially in Sheffield).
During the Second World War, Yorkshire became an important base for RAF Bomber Command and brought the county into the cutting edge of the war. In the 1970s there were major reforms of local government throughout the United Kingdom. Some of the changes were unpopular, and
controversially Yorkshire and its ridings lost status in 1974 as part of the Local Government Act 1972
York
Is a walled city, situated at the confluence of the Rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. The city has a rich heritage and has provided the backdrop to major political events throughout much of its two millennia of existence.
The city was founded by the Romans in 71 AD, they called it Eboracum.
In the early 5th century the area was settled by Angles, who called the town Eoforwic.
The Vikings captured the city in 866 AD, and for the period between 866 and the final incorporation of Northumbria into the Kingdom of England in 954, York is sometimes referred to by modern writers by its Scandinavianised form, Jórvík.
The Jorvik Center is a 'Must See' for any visitor to York as is York Minster is one of the great cathedrals of the world.
A walk around 'The Shambles' is definately one not to miss.
The Shambles is a street in the city centre of York with a long and interesting past... Today it features great shops, cafes, restaurants and tourist attractions. A fantastic place to stroll on a day in York or visit to take in some shopping, history and culture - also this year's winner of Google's Most Picturesque Street in Britain.
Sheffield
Is a city and metropolitan borough of South Yorkshire, England. Its name derives from the River Sheaf, which runs through the city. Historically a part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, the city has grown from its largely industrial roots to encompass a wider economic base.
The City of Sheffield is built on seven hills and is near the confluence of five rivers. It is estimated that Sheffield has over two million trees, more per person than any other city in Europe; 61% of the city is green space.
During the 19th century, Sheffield gained an international reputation for steel production. Many innovations were developed locally, including crucible and stainless steel, fuelling an almost tenfold increase in the population during the Industrial Revolution.
Sheffield has two outstanding universities – the University of Sheffield and Sheffield Hallam University – which attract 50,000 students to the city.
Leeds
Is a city and metropolitan borough in West Yorkshire, England
Historically a part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, Leeds can trace its recorded history to fifth century when the Kingdom of Elmet was covered by the forest of "Loidis", the origin of the name Leeds.
During the Industrial Revolution, Leeds developed into a major industrial centre; wool was still the dominant industry but flax, engineering, iron foundries, printing and other industries were important.
The City of Bradford
A metropolitan borough of West Yorkshire, in Northern England. It is situated in the foothills of the Pennines. Bradford became a municipal borough in 1847, and received its charter as a city in 1897. Following local government reform in 1974, city status was bestowed upon the wider metropolitan borough.
Historically a part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, Bradford rose to prominence during the 19th century as an international centre of textile manufacture, particularly wool. It was a boomtown of the Industrial Revolution, and amongst the earliest industrialised settlements, rapidly becoming the "wool capital of the world"
The textile sector in Bradford fell into a terminal decline from the mid-20th century. Since this time, Bradford has emerged as a tourist destination with attractions such as the National Media Museum and Cartwright Hall.
Since the 1950s Bradford has experienced significant levels of immigration, particularly from Kashmir. Bradford has the second highest proportion of Muslims in England and Wales outside London
Famous People
Henry Moore - Sculptor
Diana Rigg - Actress
Amy Johnson - Aviator
Mollie Sugden - Actress
James Cook - Explorer
Thomas Chippendale - Furniture designer
I hope that these little views into our country has wet your appetite for looking into this once great country's history and given you the urge to visit some of the interesting places that there is on offer.
09-12-2010, 09:46 AM
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Re: Episode 11 Yorkshire
Many thanks, AB, love all those interesting facts. York is a beautiful place - spent a weekend there (not nearly long enough) and had coffee in a famous tearoom there (I think it was)!Again, thanks for all those brilliant facts - have enjoyed reading them all!
09-12-2010, 03:51 PM
3
Re: Episode 11 Yorkshire
what can I say about Yorkshire?And me a ruddy Southerner who moved to Leeds as a student and only left 20 odd years later.
From the Dearne valley,through to West Riding and then the East Riding-and the wealthy folk/farmers in some places further North.
So many tribes from desolate back to backs to the landed wealthy-and nothing in common.
But they defend being `Yorkshire` with a passion
appen
09-12-2010, 10:42 PM
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Re: Episode 11 Yorkshire
Some lovely places in Yorkshire. Have visited York a few times when my Niece and her partner lived there, and it's their dream to return to York to live-I can understand why-it's a beautiful place, and I loved walking round 'The Shambles'. Also visited the Cathedral which is magnificent.Thank you again AB, its all been very interesting.......
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